History and Development of Bloom’s Taxonomy
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a model that describes the cognitive processes of learning and developing mastery of a subject through actions (verbs). The model is named after Benjamin Bloom, the man who headed up the original committee of researchers and educators who developed the original taxonomy throughout the 1950s and 60s. Bloom is also the editor of the book that revised the model in 2001, Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals. Bloom’s Taxonomy has since become a standard tool for developing educational objectives, assessments, and activities. This taxonomy remains important today for Experience API (xAPI). Documenting progressively more independent actions by transferring statements about these actions to the Learning Record Store (LRS) is an important factor in evaluating Team Members, Managers, Directors, etc. over time when this information is pulled out of the LRS for analysis.
As part of the Computer-Human Vocabulary Project here at RandyStewartMiller.com, the history of Bloom’s Taxonomy is an important foundation as we create and utilize URI (Uniform Resource Identifiers) to build the system of the future on an industry by industry basis.
| Definitions | Remembering I | Understanding II | Applying III | Analyzing IV | Evaluating V | Creating VI |
| Bloom’s Definition | Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers. | Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas. | Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way. | Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalizations. | Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria. | Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions. |
| Verbs | • Choose • Define • Find • How • Label • List • Match • Name • Omit • Recall • Relate • Select • Show • Spell • Tell • What • When • Where • Which • Who • Why | Classify • Compare • Contrast • Demonstrate • Explain • Extend • Illustrate • Infer • Interpret • Outline • Relate • Rephrase • Show • Summarize • Translate | Apply • Build • Choose • Construct • Develop • Experiment with • Identify • Interview • Make use of • Model • Organize • Plan • Select • Solve • Utilize | Analyze • Assume • Categorize • Classify • Compare • Conclusion • Contrast • Discover • Dissect • Distinguish • Divide • Examine • Function • Inference • Inspect • List • Motive • Relationships • Simplify • Survey • Take part in • Test for • Theme | Agree • Appraise • Assess • Award • Choose • Compare • Conclude • Criteria • Criticize • Decide • Deduct • Defend • Determine • Disprove • Estimate • Evaluate • Explain • Importance • Influence • Interpret • Judge • Justify • Mark • Measure • Opinion • Perceive • Prioritize • Prove • Rate • Recommend • Rule on • Select • Support • Value | Adapt • Build • Change • Choose • Combine • Compile • Compose • Construct • Create • Delete • Design • Develop • Discuss • Elaborate • Estimate • Formulate • Happen • Imagine • Improve • Invent • Make up • Maximize • Minimize • Modify • Original • Originate • Plan • Predict • Propose • Solution • Solve • Suppose • Test • Theory • Maximi |
Randy’s bank of xAPI based verbs that make up the core of JSON statements sent to the LRS by the xAPILMS. As I progress on this project, I will annotate the verbs according to their Bloom’s Taxonomy hierarchy since the object is to move the participant toward the higher cognitive skill sets. Click Here for the current table of xAPI verbs.